Brick-kiln



`3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. C. KINZEL. BRICK KILN.

. Patented Mar. 29, 1892'.

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-.Sheet 2t BRIGK KILN.

Patented Mar. 29, 1 892.

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(No Model.)

J. C. KINZBL.

BRICK KILN.

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ATENT OFFICE,

JOHN c. KINZEL, on KNoXviLLE, TENNESSEE.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATN forming part of Letters Patent No. 471,769, dated March 29, 1892. Application led April 15, 1891. Serial No. 389,035. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, JOHN C. KINZEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Knoxville, in the county of Knox and State of Tenquired for the preliminary drying process, and

in which the said operations of drying and burning may be performed more rapidly t-han heretofore without detracting from the commercial value of the bricks produced.

Vith these ends in view the invention consists in the improved construction of the kiln and the method or process of using the same, which will be hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claim.

In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure 1 is a perspective view showing one end' of a kiln constructed in accordance with my invention prior to the piling of brick therein for burning. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing one end of the kiln lled with brick and provided with the casing in readiness foburning. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken trans-l versely through the end of the kiln. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4 4 in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 5 5 in Fig. 3.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the gures.

The body of my improved brick-'kiln is composed, essentially, of the floor or base 1 and the side walls 2 2. The base, which is preferably raised'above the level of the ground, may be constructed of dirt, suitably banked y up, and having the furnaces 3 3, which are walled up with brick, as shown. ln the furnaces are mounted the grate-bars 4, which are supported at least four courses of brick, or one foot, below the level of the floor. Below the grate-bars are the ash-pits 5, which may be of anydesired depth, according to the height of the structure or embankment forming the base 1.

The side walls 2 2, which are built up of brick, are constructed along the sides of the base. Said side walls may be of any desired height, preferably siX to seven feet and about two feet thick. The said side walls are constructed with the furnace-arches 6, having doors 7, through which the furnace may be fed. Openings 8 are also provided, through which access may be had to the ash-pits.

The vfurnaces'extend inwardly from both sides toward the longitudinal center of the kiln, and they may be ot' any desired depth or length.

In arranging the brick in my improved kiln for burning it is built up between the side walls in the usual manner, tunnels or lines 9 being formed transversely in the kiln directly over the furnaces. The furnaces at'the two sides of the kiln being arranged in a line with each other each of said tunnels or iiues will serve to connect two of said furnaces, as will be apparent from the drawings hereto anneared.` In piling the brick in the kiln the individual bricks are to be so arranged with relation to each other as to admit of the passage of the flame and products of combustion, as is usually the case. The brick having been piled within the kiln, as shown at 10, is surrounded by a casing consisting of a four-inch wall slanting toward the top and composed of two steps or terraces 11 and 12. The lower part of the casing 11 is made to rest upon the side walls 2, as shown in the drawings. The ends of the kiln are banked up with dirt, as shown at 13, and this is kept in place by means of planks 14 andv braces 15, the end wall being providedwith'a cap'15, likewise constructed of planks.

When a kiln is built according to the foregoing description, it may be sweated or dried out with slack soft coal, which is much less expensive and requires less attention than either wood or coke. To do this I proceed as follows: After the fire is'started it is banked up with enough slack coal to last from six to eight hours .without stirring or raking the fires, or, in fact, without any attention whatever. This will keep a lslow fire burning with very little smoke and will not choke the kiln. At the end of that time rebank the fire, and

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so continue until the kiln is dried out. Care should be taken not to stir the res, as this would cause smoke, and thus choke the kiln.

The construction of my improved kiln, as

herein described, is simple and inexpensive, and it requires comparatively a very small amount of fuel. A vkiln constructed in accordance with this invention may be burned in from seventy-five to eighty hours, whileV other kilns with which I am familiar require nearly twice that length of time. After the kiln is burned the ends of the kiln, which are built of plank and dirt, may be removed, thus giving ample space all around the kiln for removing the brick and loading it ontowagons, not only from the ends of the kiln but from 'the sides as Well, the side walls being of such a height as not to interfere with the removal `of the brick. The fires may-be raked and -the clinkers removed during burning without opening the furnace-doors, thus predoor would afford a passage for the cold air into the kiln, while by my improved construction this is avoided.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- In a brick-kiln, the Vcombination of the bed or base, the short independent side walls having front openings for the furnace-doors and ash-pits, parallel pairs of open furnaces eX- tending inwardly from said front openings in the side walls and opening their entire length directly into the space inclosed by said walls and the body of the kiln, the casing composed ofnpwardly-sloping terraces supported upon said side walls, the end walls, composed of dirt, banked up and overlapping the lower edges of the ends of the supported terraces, and an inclosing covering and cap composed of closely-laid plankin g cb mpletelyy covering the outer faces of said end Walls and curved over and capping the top of the same and meeting the faces of the overlapping terraces, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own l have hereto affixed my 'gnature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN cfKrNZEr..

Witnesses:

LEWIS HENLEY, CHARLES SLATER ADAMs. 

